Social Representations of Hesitant Brazilians about Vaccination against COVID-19.

BACKGROUND: The control of the COVID-19 pandemic has been a great challenge. Understanding the thoughts and beliefs underlying vaccine hesitancy can help in the formulation of public policies. The present study aimed to analyze the social representations of hesitant Brazilians about vaccination against COVID-19. METHODS: Qualitative research guided by the Theory of Social Representations, carried out through an online survey among Brazilian adults living in Brazil. The data were analyzed using the IRaMuTeQ software. RESULTS: Of the 173,178 respondents, 10,928 were hesitant and declared reasons for vaccination hesitation. The analysis generated three classes: mistrust of the vaccine and underestimation of the severity of the pandemic; (dis)information and distrust of political involvement; and fear of adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccines. CONCLUSIONS: Social knowledge, presented by the representations apprehended in this study, demonstrates difficulty in discerning the reliability of information and a social imagination full of doubts and uncertainties. Understanding the internal dynamics of these groups, with their representations of the world, is important to propose policies and actions that echo and cause changes in the understanding of the role of immunization. It is essential to shed light on the sociological imagination so that gaps filled with false information can be dismantled and confronted with scientific knowledge accessible to the population.

Trustworthiness of information sources on vaccines for COVID-19 prevention among Brazilians.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the trustworthiness of information sources, perception of clear information about the vaccine, and strategies to increase adherence to vaccination to provide managers with information that helps establish effective communication with the population about vaccination. METHOD: This is an online survey conducted between January 22 and 29, 2021, preceded by an Informed Consent, that aims to assess vaccine hesitancy, which corresponded to the first week of vaccination initiation to prevent COVID-19 in Brazil. Data were obtained from a questionnaire made available through a free platform and stored in Google Forms and later exported to the SPSS statistical package for analysis. The sample consisted of all questionnaires from participants who self-declared as age 18 or older, Brazilian, and residing in Brazil at the time of the survey. Incomplete records with more than 50% of blank items and duplicates were excluded. All categorical variables were analyzed from their absolute and relative frequencies. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to verify the relationship between dependent variables and independent variables. RESULTS: The results show that trust in information sources diverges between hesitant and non-hesitant. They also showed that some participants show an overall distrust that seems to have deeper foundations than issues related only to the source of information. The high rejection of television and the WHO as sources of information among hesitant suggests that integrated actions with research institutes, public figures vaccinating, and religious leaders can help to combat vaccine hesitation. Two actors become particularly important in this dynamic, both for good and bad, and their anti-vaxxer behavior must be observed: the doctor and the Ministry of Health. CONCLUSION: This study contributes to gathering valuable information to help understand the behavior and thinking relevant to the adherence to vaccination recommendations.

Low COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the entire world, and the vaccine has emerged as a source of hope for return to normal life. Still, various countries have reported high vaccine hesitancy rates. It is important to know the vaccine hesitancy profile in Brazil to help design adequate communication strategies. METHODS: A voluntary, anonymous online survey was conducted from January 22 to 29, 2021, including resident Brazilian adults to assess factors related to vaccine hesitancy. Sociodemographic and epidemiological data were analyzed. A bivariate analysis was conducted with the independent variables, with vaccine hesitancy as the outcome variable, and a multivariate logistic model was used to calculated adjusted odds ratios. RESULTS: The sample included 173,178 respondents, and vaccine hesitancy was found in 10.5%. The principal factors associated with vaccine hesitancy were the following: assigning importance to the vaccinés efficacy (AOR = 16.39), fear of adverse reactions (AOR = 11.23), and assigning importance to the vaccinés country of origin (AOR = 3.72). Other risk factors were the following: male gender (AOR = 1.62), having children (AOR = 1.29), 9 years of schooling or less (AOR = 1.31), living in the Central-West region (AOR = 1.19), age ≥ 40 years (AOR = 1.17), and monthly income < U$788.68 (AOR = 1.13). The two vaccines available in Brazil, Covishield and CoronaVac, showed similar confidence, 80.13% and 76.36%, respectively, despite the higher rejection of the latter vaccinés Chinese origin. INTERPRETATION: This online survey confirms the low vaccine hesitancy rate among Brazilians and allowed the identification of a profile that can assist the elaboration of communication strategies to increase vaccine adherence. FUNDING: National Institute of Women, Children and Adolescents Health Fernandes Figueira, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Children's Multisystem inflammatory syndrome with myopathy.

This report describes a case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in a child that evolved with a pattern of toxic shock syndrome with coronary artery ectasia and neurological involvement, documented by magnetic resonance imaging, with changes in the corpus callosum and myopathy in the pelvic girdle and paravertebral musculature.

Children's Multisystem inflammatory syndrome with myopathy

Abstract This report describes a case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in a child that evolved with a pattern of toxic shock syndrome with coronary artery ectasia and neurological involvement, documented by magnetic resonance imaging, with changes in the corpus callosum and myopathy in the pelvic girdle and paravertebral musculature.

Dissemination of human adenoviruses and rotavirus species A on fomites of hospital pediatric units.

Rotavirus A and human adenovirus dissemination were demonstrated both in a pediatric ward and in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the same pediatric hospital. Virus detection from fomites samples were higher in the pediatric ward (42.3% [137 out of 324]) than in the NICU (4.5% [7 out of 156]), revealing that cleaning processes used in our NICU are effective in reducing viral contamination, suggesting human adenovirus as a potential biomarker of contamination of hospital fomites.

Avaliação do ciclo de diálogos Brasil - Cabo Verde com uso de conferência audiovisual em internet de conexão limitada / Cycle assessment dialogues Brazil - Cape Verde with the use of audiovisual conference in limited internet connection

Objetivos: Avaliar se houve translação de conhecimento no experimento em tempo real entre Brasile Cabo Verde com uso de software de conferência por internet, especialmente no que diz respeito aodispositivo. Materiais e Métodos: Ausculta por meio de formulários sobre visão dos participantesquanto ao conjunto de ferramentas utilizadas e sobre os interesses de capacitação dos profissionaisde saúde no país e no continente africano. Resultados: Profissionais de Cabo Verde conseguiramacompanhar a exposição em tempo real, vendo o conferencista no Brasil e os diapositivos. Todosacharam o conteúdo adequado, que houve clareza nas exposições e visualizaram o expositor demaneira satisfatória. Participantes destacaram temas relacionados à prevenção e gestão em saúdee sugeriram seminários nos mesmos moldes para os quatro países africanos de língua portuguesa.Conclusão: Conferências por internet são compatíveis com processos de educação permanente emsaúde à distância para profissionais em áreas isoladas.

Aims: This study aims to investigate health´s knowledge translation in real time experiment byinternet conference software, especially concerning with the use of IT device. Materials and Methods:It was analyzed the participants’ impressions on the set of tools used as well as their interests intraining of health professionals in the African continent. Results: According to professionals inCape Verde, the exhibition in real time was well succeeded in watching, speech and slides occurredin Brazil. In their opinion, the content was appropriated; there was clarity in the presentationand display of the exhibitor was satisfactory, with emphasis on issues related to prevention andhealth management. They suggested seminars in the same way for African Portuguese-speakingcountries. Conclusion: Internet conferences are compatible with ongoing distance educationprocesses to health professionals in remote areas.

Suporte ventilatório na asma brônquica / Ventilatory support in bronchial asthma

A ventilação mecânica (VM) é um tema fascinante, que suscita dificuldade em seu uso devido às intensas mudanças de conceitos, além de novas descobertas. O presente artigo visa realizar breve introdução quanto aos conceitos básicos da VM e discutir os aspectos peculiares de seu uso no paciente com crise asmática grave/muito grave. Tenta apontar a importância do conhecimento básico sobre o tema para o médico que atua na medicina de urgência, além de comentar o uso prático do aparelho de ventilação mecânica e suas indicações clínicas na asma